DSpace Repository :: Browsing by Author "Lozano, Franklin"

Browsing by Author "Lozano, Franklin"

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Comparing fiber quality characteristics and staple length in Suri and Huacaya alpacas
(Frontiers in Animal Science, 2026-03-12) Pinares, Rubén; Meza, Aydee; Crispín, Neyla; Lozano, Franklin; Pezo, Danilo
Introduction: The textile industry considers alpaca fiber to be a specialty fiber. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of color, breed, location, age, and sex of alpacas on fiber quality characteristics and staple length.Methods: Fiber samples were taken from the mid-side of 118 Huacaya and Suri alpacas at two livestock shows (Pitumarca and Maranganí) and at CICAS La Raya (South American Camelid Research Center), which is located in the province of Canchis (Cusco, Peru).Results and discussion: The fiber characteristics and staple length in black alpacas are similar to those of brown alpacas. Huacaya fiber is finer, having a lower mean fiber diameter (MFD), SD, and coefficient of variation of MFD than Suri fiber. Alpacas from the two livestock shows have higher-quality fiber than unselected alpacas raised in CICAS La Raya. Staple length is longer in Suri alpacas than in Huacaya alpacas. Likewise, the staple length is longer in alpacas from Pitumarca, followed by alpacas from Maranganí, and is shorter in alpacas from CICAS La Raya. Young alpacas have a shorter staple length than adults, and it is longer in females than in males. The mean fiber diameter and spinning fineness are strongly correlated with other fiber characteristics in colored alpacas.Conclusion: These black and brown alpacas raised in small herds and judged in two livestock shows produce high-quality fiber at 22 µm for the textile industry.
Dehydration of Suillus luteus mushroom at different drying temperature, drying method, and pretreatment
(Ciência e Agrotecnologia, 2026-03-12) Chaquilla Quilca, Guadalupe; Pérez Falcón, Luis Fernando; Lozano, Franklin; Fernandez Ayma, Alfredo; Espinoza Ticona, Yuri; Silva Paz, Reynaldo Justino; Huamaní Meléndez, Víctor Justiniano
The aim of this research was to assess the influence of drying temperature, drying method, and pretreatment on the dehydration of the edible mushroom Suillus luteus, focusing on its physical, functional, and sensory characteristics. Suillus luteus were harvested from Soccllacasa, Apurímac-Peru. Two drying temperatures (50 and 70 °C), two drying methods (oven and vacuum), and two pretreatment techniques (1% citric acid and blanching) were employed. Mushroom slices were immersed in solutions and subsequently subjected to drying. Analytical parameters, including instrumental color, total polyphenol content, antioxidant capacity, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis, and sensory evaluation using Flash Profile, were conducted. The findings revealed significant differences (p<0.05) among the treatments. Higher drying temperatures, vacuum drying, and blanching exhibited superior color attributes. Polyphenol content and antioxidant capacity decreased in the dried samples, confirmed by FTIR; however, treatments dried at elevated temperatures under vacuum, showed enhanced preservation of these compounds. Sensory analysis revealed the formation of four groups based on temperature and drying method, but not on pretreatment, samples dehydrated at 70 °C under vacuum showing superior sensory characteristics. Thus, it is recommended to dehydrate Suillus luteus at higher temperatures under vacuum, as they offer improved preservation quality and sensory acceptability.
Evaluation of Alpaca Yarns Dyed with Buddleja Coriaceous Dye and Metallic Mordants
(MDPI, Fibers, 2026-03-12) Quispe Quispe, Arturo; Lozano, Franklin; Pinche Gonzales, Luz María; Vilcanqui Perez, Fulgencio
The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of dye obtained from Buddleja coriacea and metallic mordants on the chromatic properties, textile characteristics, spectral profiles, and color stability in alpaca fibers. The dye extraction technique involved boiling in an aqueous solution, followed by filtration. Subsequently, alpaca yarns were dyed using the resulting extract following a standard protocol. The applied mordants included sodium sulfate (Na2SO4), aluminum sulfate and potassium dodecahydrate (KAl(SO4)2·12H2O), and oxalic acid (C2H2O4). Spectroscopy UV-Vis and FTIR spectrophotometry methods were used for the characterization of the dyed samples and analysis of the dye during the dyeing process. The findings revealed the formation of four distinct color tones. Additionally, it was determined that the mordants influenced the chromatic properties of the fibers dyed with Buddleja coriacea extract without modifying their textile characteristics. The identified spectral bands corresponded to keratin, the structural protein of the fibers. Changes in the intensity of these spectral bands were observed in the dyed samples, attributable to the presence of different mordants. Wet rub fastness was found to be inferior to dry rub fastness, which has implications for textile maintenance. In conclusion, Buddleja coriacea flowers provide an effective yellow dye, and when combined with various mordants, they allow for a variety of shades and hues in alpaca fiber yarns.
Fiber quality at dehairing and characterization of skin follicle parameters in Peruvian Q’ara llamas
(Frontiers in Animal Science, Animal Physiology and Management, 2026-03-12) Machaca, Virgilio; Pinares, Rubén; Lozano, Franklin; Quispe Quispe, Arturo; Machaca, Alex D.; Bustinza Choque, A. Víctor
Introduction: Although Q’ara llama fleece was previously believed to lack quality attributes, the down fiber obtained during first shearing is of high quality. However, little is known about skin follicle parameters in Peruvian Q’ara llamas. In this context, the objective of this research was to compare fiber quality after manual dehairing and to characterize skin follicle parameters by body site, age, and sex. Methods: A total of 240 fiber samples were collected from the shoulders, mid-side, and rump of 80 Q’ara llamas, taking into account their age category and sex. Each unprocessed fiber sample was manually dehaired, yielding two subsamples of 240 each: down fibers and guard hairs. Only the unprocessed and down fibers were used for fiber measurements. According to IWTO-47 standards, an OFDA 2000 was used to measure mean fiber diameter, standard deviation, coefficient of variation, comfort factor, and fiber curvature. Skin biopsies were collected from 65 llamas under local anesthesia using an 8 mm punch to analyze follicle densities and the secondary-to-primary ratio. We performed Type I and the Tukey test (α = 0.05) on transformed data. Spearman’s correlation was applied without data transformation. Results and discussion: Manual dehairing improved textile fiber quality by reducing the diameter by 1.91 µm and the coefficient of variation by 3.05%. It also increased the comfort factor by 4.79% and fiber curvature by 3.49°/mm. Secondary follicle density (16.80 follicles per mm2) and secondary-to-primary follicle ratio (6.28) were similar across sex and body site. However, skin follicle density decreased in older llamas. There was a strong negative correlation (-0.82) between mean fiber diameter and comfort factor. Mean fiber diameter was negatively correlated with fiber curvature, total follicle density, and secondary to primary follicle ratio. However, comfort factor was positively correlated with fiber curvature, total follicle density, and secondary-to-primary follicle ratio. Total follicle density was positively associated with secondary-to-primary follicle ratio (0.52). Conclusion: Dehairing improves fiber quality. The main factor affecting fiber quality and skin follicles is age. Young Q’ara llamas have higher follicle density and produce down fiber with a diameter of 22.61 µm. However, body site and sex do not influence quality. The favorable relationship between fiber diameter and follicle density allows for the selection of high-quality fiber.
Impact of Natural Dyes Cochineal (Dactylopius coccus) and airampo (Opuntia soehrensii) on the Physico-Mechanical Properties and Colorfastness of Alpaca (Vicugna pacos) Yarns
(Journal of Natural Fibers of Taylor & Francis, 2026-03-12) Quispe-Quispe, Arturo; Lozano, Franklin; Pérez Falcón, Luis Fernando; Vilcanqui Pérez, Fulgencio; Chaquilla Quilca, Guadalupe; Sarmiento Casavilca, Víctor Hugo; Fernández Ayma, Alfredo; Nuñez Fernandez, Anderson; Allca Salas, Shirly Coraima
The effect of dyeing with natural colorants on the physico-mechanical properties, colorimetric parameters, hydrophobicity, and color fastness of alpaca threads (Vicugna pacos) was investigated. Two dyes from the Andes were evaluated: cochineal (Dactylopius coccus) and airampo (Opuntia soehrensii), using a post-mordanting method with sodium sulfate (Na2SO4), oxalic acid (C2H2O4), and potassium alum (KAl(SO4)2·12 H2O). The analysis of the results showed that the dyeing treatments did not significantly affect the elongation (51–65%), maximum strength (1.64–1.94 N), or tenacity (0.93–1.10 MPa) of the threads. Regarding colorimetry, cochineal produced intense red shades (a* = 34.95) and the highest saturation (C*) of up to 40.29. Meanwhile, airampo generated warm, bright yellow tones (L*) up to 70.19. A critical finding was the low wash fastness, with ratings of 1 to 2 on the grayscale. However, the rub fastness ranged from moderate to good (2 to 4–5). Dyeing with pure cochineal increased the hydrophobicity of the thread, reaching a contact angle of 97.22°. These results indicate that, although the dyes offer a rich color range without compromising the fiber, it is essential to optimize the process to improve color fixation before commercialization.
Morphological, Nutritional Characteristics, and Antioxidant Compounds of Ten (10) Native Potato Varieties from Apurímac-Perú Region
(Journal of the European Association for Potato Research (EAPR), 2026-03-12) Lozano, Franklin; Chaquilla Quilca, Guadalupe; Pérez Falcon, Luis F.; Terán Hilares, Félix; Sotelo Méndez, Alejandrina H.; Vilcanqui Perez, Fulgencio
The aim of this study was to evaluate the morphological, nutritional, and antioxidant characteristics of ten native potato varieties from the region of Apurímac in Peru, harvested between May 2022 and June 2022. The colour, size, weight, and shape of the tubers were determined according to the International Potato Center guidelines. The colour of the pulp and peel was determined with the colorimeter PCE-CSM7 and their nutritional component by AOAC method. Finally, the total phenolic compound content and antioxidant activity were characterized using DPPH and ORAC assays. The morphological characterization showed that the predominant colours in the peel were red–purple, blackish, and pink. The pulp showed red, purple, violet, and yellow colouration on the entire surface, as a vascular ring, or as spots, and this was attributed to various bioactive compounds. The highest number of tuber varieties had medium-size tubers (41–60 g). The Puka huayro machu variety had the largest (> 90 g), and the Amachi had the smallest (20–40 g) tubers. The shapes were mainly oblong and round, with an average weight of 60 g. The instrumental colour values (L*, a*, and b*) showed differences (p < 0.05), with a tendency to red, purple, and blue-violet colours. The Amachi, Cuchi aca, and Yawar manto varieties showed higher values in the pulp, which were related to their peel colouration. The total phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity of Amachi, Yawar manto, and Puka huayro machu varieties showed differences (p < 0.05) with intense colourations. These results show the characteristics and actual value of native potato biodiversity from Apurímac to ensure better use and integral exploitation.
Pre-treatments and Drying Methods on the Physicochemical and Sensory Characteristics of Wild Mushrooms (Suillus Luteus) from Apurimac-Peru
(Chilean Journal of Agricultural & Animal Sciences, 2026-03-12) Espinoza Ticona, Yuri; Lozano, Franklin; Moreano Alarcón, Littman; Calixto Muñoz, Juan José; Chaquilla Quilca, Guadalupe
The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of pre-treatments and drying methods on the physicochemical and sensory characteristics of edible wild mushrooms, Suillus luteus, collected in the pine forests of the Apurimac region, Peru. Two immersion pre-treatments were used: 5% lemon juice and 6% vinegar. Mushroom caps were cut into 3-cm thick slices, immersed at a ratio of 1:5 (w/v), and subsequently dried by direct solar drying and indirect solar drying using a fitotoldo (shade cover). The proximate composition, rehydration, color, total polyphenol content (TPC), antioxidant capacity (DPPH capacity), and sensory evaluation were determined for each sample. The results showed significant differences (p<0.05) between the treatments. Higher rehydration rates were observed in the samples subjected to direct solar drying and fitotoldo drying without pre-treatment, as well as those treated with vinegar. Regarding color, luminosity (L*) significantly decreased in the dried samples compared to the fresh sample. In the proximate analysis, the untreated samples had protein, crude fiber, and ash contents of 23.67 g/100 g, 11.10 g/100 g, and 5.59 g/100 g, respectively. Free-nitrogen extract (FNE) content increased to 47.13 g/100 g as mushrooms lost water. TPC and antioxidant capacity decreased significantly in the dried samples, but the pre-treated samples with vinegar recorded higher values of 8.38 mg GAE/g and 54.13 µmol TE/g, respectively. In the sensory evaluation, the samples pre-treated with vinegar had higher color, texture, and acceptability scores. Thus, the use of a fitotoldo without pre-treatment and with vinegar pre-treatment is the most efficient method for drying Suillus luteus mushrooms.
Textile Characteristics, Medullation, and Colorimetry of Wool Fiber Dyed with Dactylopius coccus Using Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Jet (APPJ)
(MDPI, Applied Sciences, 2026-03-12) Quispe Quispe, Arturo; Lozano, Franklin; Machaca Machaca, Virgilio; Quispe Marcatoma, Justiniano
The industrial and artisanal textile industries necessitate the adoption of sustainable dyeing practices. Although the natural dye derived from Dactylopius coccus presents a viable option, its traditional application requires metallic mordants that pose environmental and health risks. This study investigates the utilization of atmospheric-pressure plasma jet (APPJ) technology for dyeing wool with Dactylopius coccus dye, with the objective of optimizing the process and minimizing its environmental impact. The APPJ technique was employed for wool dyed with Dactylopius coccus dye, and the textile properties, medullation, and colorimetry were evaluated using an optical fiber diameter analyzer (OFDA) and a spectrometer with an integrating sphere. The results demonstrated that the APPJ enhanced the color intensity and uniformity, facilitating improved dye penetration into the fibers. Plasma treatment darkened the fiber, generated reddish and yellowish tones, and increased the color saturation and intensity. The wool samples treated with plasma exhibited an increase in DMF and SF but a decrease in IC and greater size variability. The APPJ reduces total medullation in wool dyed with cochineal dye. In conclusion, the APPJ was demonstrated to be a promising method for dyeing wool with Dactylopius coccus dye, offering an effective and sustainable alternative to traditional methods, with enhanced color vibrancy and uniformity and reduced resource utilization.

Browsing by Author "Lozano, Franklin"

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